¿Programando la creación? Una exploración al campo socio-técnico de YouTube en Chile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.42.1370Palabras clave:
plataformas digitales, Bourdieu, YouTube, atención, camposResumen
En los últimos años, se ha prestado gran atención a la influencia que tendrían las plataformas digitales en las prácticas creativas de sus usuarios. Mediante un análisis cualitativo de entrevistas con creadoras y creadores chilenos de contenido audiovisual en YouTube, mostraremos cómo sus prácticas creativas se sitúan dentro de un emergente campo socio-técnico en el que se lucha por diferentes formas de capital. Este campo presentaría dinámicas particulares de distinción, reconocimiento y consagración, que estarían activamente moldeadas por los complejos sistemas algorítmicos y métricas que configuran la valorización y monetización de los contenidos.
Citas
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Siri, L. (2008). Un análisis de YouTube como artefacto sociotécnico [An analysis of YouTube as a socio-technical artefact]. Diálogos de la Comunicación, (77), 1-14. Retrieved from http://dialogosfelafacs.net/edicion-77/
Snickars, P. & Vonderau, P. (2009). Introduction. In P. Vonderau & P. Snickars (Eds.), The YouTube Reader (pp. 9-21). Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
Soha, M. & McDowell, Z. J. (2016). Monetizing a Meme: YouTube, Content ID, and the Harlem Shake. Social Media + Society, 2(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2056305115623801
Sued, G. (2016). Formas distantes de ver YouTube: una exploración por la comunidad booktube [Distant ways to watch YouTube: an exploration by the booktube community]. Virtualis, 7(14), 90-112. Retrieved from http://aplicaciones.ccm.itesm.mx/virtualis/index.php/virtualis/article/view/189
van Dijck, J. (2016). La cultura de la conectividad: Una historia crítica de las redes sociales [The Culture of Connectivity: A critical history of social media]. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno.
Arriagada, A. (2014). Cultural Mediators and the Everyday Making of Digital Capital in Contemporary Chile (doctoral thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science). Retrieved from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/913/
Andrejevic, M. (2009). Exploiting YouTube: contradiction of User-Generated Labor. In P. Vonderau, P. Snickars & G. Burgess (Eds), The YouTube Reader (pp. 406-423). Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
Bijker, W. E. & Law, J. (1992). Shaping Technology/Building Society. Studies in Sociotechnical Change. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1969). Intellectual field and creative project. Social Science Information, 8(2), 89-119. https://doi.org/10.1177/053901846900800205
Bourdieu, P. (1993). The field of cultural production: Essays on art and literature. Columbia: University Press.
Bourdieu, P. & Wacquant, L. J. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Burgess, J. & Green, J. (2009a). YouTube: Online video and participatory culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Burgess, J. & Green, J. (2009b). The Entrepreneurial Vlogger: Participatory Culture Beyond the Professional-Amateur Divide. In P. Vonderau & P. Snickars (Eds.), The YouTube Reader (pp. 89-107). Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
Callon, M. (1986). Elements of a sociology of translation: Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen of St Brieuc Bay. In J. Law (Ed.), Power, Action and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge? (pp. 196-233). London: Routledge.
Campos Rodríguez, J. M. (2007). ¡Broadcast Yourself! Identidad, comunidad y masas inteligentes para la nueva sociedad del conocimiento [Broadcast Yourself! Identity, community and intelligent masses for the new knowledge society]. Revista ICONO14 Revista Científica de Comunicación y Tecnologías Emergentes, 5(1), 160-192. https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.v5i1.376
Couldry, N. (2003). Media, symbolic power and the limits of Bourdieu’s field theory. Media@LSE Electronic Working Papers, 2. Department of Media and Communications, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
Duarte, F., Benevenuto, F., Almeida, V., & Almeida, J. (2007). Geographical Characterization of YouTube: a Latin American View. In Web Conference, 2007. LA-WEB 2007. Latin American (pp. 13-21). IEEE.
Gillespie, T. (2010). The politics of ‘platforms’. New Media & Society, 12(3), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444809342738
Gillespie, T. (2015). Platforms Intervene. Social Media + Society, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580479
Grusin, R. (2009). YouTube at the End of New Media. In P. Vonderau & P. Snickars (Eds.), The YouTube Reader (pp. 60-67). Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
Howkins, J. (2001). The Creative Economy: How People Make Money From Ideas. New York: Penguin books.
Ignatow, G. & Robinson, L. (2017). Pierre Bourdieu: theorizing the digital. Information, Communication & Society, 20(7), 950-966. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301519
Jenkins, H., Ford, S., & Green, J. (2013). Spreadable Media. Creating value and meaning in a networked culture. New York: NYU Press.
Kim, J. (2012). The institutionalization of YouTube: From user-generated content to professionally generated content. Media, Culture & Society, 34(1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443711427199
La Rotta, S. (2016, August 11). Latinoamérica es la región de YouTube que más crece en el mundo. Entérese por qué [Latin America is the YouTube region that grows the most in the world. Find out why]. El Espectador. Retrieved from http://www.elespectador.com
Lange, P. G. (2007). Commenting on comments: Investigating responses to antagonism on YouTube. In Society for Applied Anthropology Conference (Vol. 31, pp.163-190).
Lessig, L. (2008). Remix: Making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid economy. New York: Penguin Press.
Levina, N. & Arriaga, M. (2014). Distinction and Status Production on User-Generated Content Platforms: Using Bourdieu’s Theory of Cultural Production to Understand Social Dynamics in Online Fields. Information Systems Research, 25(3), 468-488. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2014.0535
López, A. (2016). Youtubers. Nueva lógica comercial y narrativa en la producción de contenidos para la web [Youtubers. New commercial and narrative logic in the content production for the web]. Revista L.I.S. Letra. Imagen. Sonido. Ciudad mediatizada, (15), 225-241. Retrieved from http://www.revistalis.com.ar/index.php/lis/article/view/225
Merton, R. K. (1968). The Matthew effect in science: The reward and communication systems of science are considered. Science, 159(3810), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.159.3810.56
Morreale, J. (2014). From homemade to store bought: Annoying Orange and the professionalization of YouTube. Journal of consumer culture, 14(1), 113-128. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540513505608
O’Reilly, T. (2005, September 30). What is Web 2.0. Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software. Retrieved from http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
Postigo, H. (2016). The socio-technical architecture of digital labor: Converting play into YouTube money. New Media & Society, 18(2), 332-349. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814541527
Sabich, M. A. & Steinberg, L. (2017). Discursividad youtuber: afecto, narrativas y estrategias de socialización en comunidades de Internet [Youtuber Discursivity: Affection, narratives and socialization strategies in Internet Communities]. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, 8(2), 171-188. https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2017.8.2.12
Savage, M. (2013). Digital fields, networks and capital: Sociology beyond structures and fluids. In K. Orton-Johnson & N. Prior (Eds.), Digital Sociology (pp. 139-147). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Siri, L. (2008). Un análisis de YouTube como artefacto sociotécnico [An analysis of YouTube as a socio-technical artefact]. Diálogos de la Comunicación, (77), 1-14. Retrieved from http://dialogosfelafacs.net/edicion-77/
Snickars, P. & Vonderau, P. (2009). Introduction. In P. Vonderau & P. Snickars (Eds.), The YouTube Reader (pp. 9-21). Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
Soha, M. & McDowell, Z. J. (2016). Monetizing a Meme: YouTube, Content ID, and the Harlem Shake. Social Media + Society, 2(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2056305115623801
Sued, G. (2016). Formas distantes de ver YouTube: una exploración por la comunidad booktube [Distant ways to watch YouTube: an exploration by the booktube community]. Virtualis, 7(14), 90-112. Retrieved from http://aplicaciones.ccm.itesm.mx/virtualis/index.php/virtualis/article/view/189
van Dijck, J. (2016). La cultura de la conectividad: Una historia crítica de las redes sociales [The Culture of Connectivity: A critical history of social media]. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno.
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Publicado
2018-06-30
Cómo citar
Valderrama, M., & Velasco, P. (2018). ¿Programando la creación? Una exploración al campo socio-técnico de YouTube en Chile. Cuadernos.Info, (42), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.42.1370
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