Innovación y sostenibilidad: una relación examinada en organizaciones periodísticas emprendedoras de América Latina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.42.1266Palabras clave:
sostenibilidad, periodismo en América Latina, periodismo emprendedor, grupos focales en líneaResumen
Este estudio investiga cómo las organizaciones emprendedoras de noticias perciben las innovaciones y la sustentabilidad respecto de las operaciones de sus organizaciones. El estudio se basa en una serie de grupos focales en línea, realizados entre junio y julio de 2015, en los que participaron 16 organizaciones emprendedoras de Latinoamérica. Se identificó que la relación entre innovación y sustentabilidad es compleja, pero fundamental: para los participantes, la innovación es tanto un producto originado por estas organizaciones como un flujo de trabajo periodístico en sí mismo. Las implicancias de estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto de la educación periodística y de la profesión.
Citas
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Christensen, C. M. (2003). The innovator’s dilemma: The revolutionary book that will change the way you do business. New York: Harper Collins.
Deuze, M. (2009). Media industries, work and life. European Journal of Communication, 24(4), 467-480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323109345523
Deuze, M. (2017). Considering a possible future for digital journalism. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, 8(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2017.8.1.1
Díaz-Noci, J. (2009). 2018: ¿Diarios en dispositivos móviles? Libro electrónico, tinta electrónica y convergencia de la prensa impresa y digital [2018: Newspapers for mobile devices? E-book, E-ink and convergence of online and printed press]. El Profesional De La Información, 18(3), 301-307. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2009.may.07
Downie, L. & Schudson, M. (2009). The reconstruction of American Journalism. New York: Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
Drucker, P. (1985). Innovation and entrepreneurship. New York: Harper & Row.
Evans, S. K. (2018). Making sense of innovation. Journalism Studies, 19(1), 4-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1154446
Francis, D. & Bessant, J. (2005). Targeting innovation and implications for capability development. Technovation, 25(3), 171-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.03.004
García-Avilés, J. (2009). La comunicación ante la convergencia digital: algunas fortalezas y debilidades [Communications vis-à-vis Digital Convergence: Strengths and Weaknesses]. Signo y pensamiento, 28(54), 102-113. Retrieved from http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/signoypensamiento/article/view/4529
García-Avilés, J. A., Carvajal-Prieto, M., De Lara-González, A., & Arias-Robles, F. (2016). Developing an index of media innovation in a national market: The case of Spain. Journalism Studies, 19(1), 25-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1161496
Gorriti, G. (2013). Researchers Colloquium. IDL-Reporteros. Retrieved from http://idl-reporteros.pe/2013/05/30/columna-de-reporteros-131/
Gynnild A. (2014). Journalism innovation leads to innovation journalism: The impact of computational exploration on changing mindsets. Journalism, 15(6), 713– 730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913486393
Hang, M. & Van Weezel, A. (2007). Media and entrepreneurship: A survey of the literature relating both concepts. Journal of Media Business Studies, 4(1), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2007.11073446
Harlow, S. & Salaverría, R. (2016). Regenerating journalism: Exploring the ‘alternativeness’ and ‘digital-ness’ of online-native media in Latin America. Digital Journalism, 4(8), 1001-1019. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2015.1135752
Jenkins, H. (2008). Convergence culture. Where old and new media collide. New York: NYU Press.
Kline, S. & Rosenberg, N. (1986). An overview of innovation. In R. Landau & N. Rosenberg (Eds.), The positive sum strategy, harnessing technology for economic growth (pp. 275-305). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Küng, L. (2015). Innovators in digital news. Oxford: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd.
Lunt, P. & Livingstone, S. (1996). Rethinking the focus group in media and communications research. Journal of Communication, 46(2), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01475.x
Lindlof, T. R. & Taylor, B. C. (2002). Qualitative communication research methods. California: Sage.
March, J. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71-87. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
Meléndez Yúdico, J. (2016). Primer Estudio de Medios Digitales y Periodismo en América Latina: Iniciativas, Modelos de Negocio y Buenas Prácticas [First Study of Digital Media and Journalism in Latin America: Initiatives, Business Models and Best Practices]. Mexico: Factual. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B56C_0nwzk1HSHpsMUZpb0tQamM/view
Mitchelstein, E. & Boczkowski, P. (2009). Between tradition and change: A review of recent research on online news production. Journalism, 10(5), 562-586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909106533
Nee, R. C. (2013). Creative destruction: An exploratory study of how digitally native news nonprofits are innovating online journalism practices. The International Journal on Media Management, 15(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/14241277.2012.732153
O’Reilly III, C. & Tushman, M. (2004). The ambidextrous organization. Harvard Business Review, 82(4), 74. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2004/04/the-ambidextrous-organization
O’Reilly III, C. & Tushman, M. (2013). Organizational ambidexterity: Past, present and future. The academy of management perspectives, 27(4), 324-338. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2013.0025
Palacios, M. & Díaz-Noci, J. (2009). Ciberperiodismo: métodos de investigación. Una aproximación multidisciplinar en perspectiva comparada [Cyberjournalism: research methods. A multidisciplinary approach: a comparative perspective]. Bilbao: Universidad del País Vasco.
Pavlik, J. (2013). Innovation and the future of journalism. Digital Journalism, 1(2), 181–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.756666
Picard, R. (2014). Twilight or new dawn of journalism? Evidence from the changing news ecosystem. Digital Journalism, 2(3), 273-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.895531
Porcu, O. (2017). Exploring innovative learning culture in the newsroom. Journalism, 1464884917724596. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917724596
Powers, E. & Yaros, R. (2012). Cultivating support for nonprofit news organizations: commitment, trust and donating audiences. Journal of Communication Management, 17(2), 157-170. https://doi.org/10.1108/13632541311318756
Requejo-Alemán, J. L. & Lugo-Ocando, J. (2014). Assessing the sustainability of Latin American investigative non-profit journalism. Journalism Studies, 15(5), 522–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.885269
Robinson, J. J., Grennan, K., & Schiffrin, A. (2015). Publishing for peanuts. Innovation and the Journalism startup. Report commissioned by the Open Society Foundation’s Program for Independent Journalism. International Media, Advocacy, and Communications. Retrieved from http://www.cima.ned.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/PublishingforPeanuts.pdf
Rogers, E. (1995). Diffusion of innovations, 4th Ed. New York: The Free Press.
Schmitz Weiss, A. & Higgins Joyce, V. D. M. (2009). Compressed dimensions in digital media occupations: Journalists in transformation. Journalism, 10(5), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909106534
Schumpeter, J. (1983). The theory of economic development: An inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.
Schumpeter, J. (1943). Capitalism, socialism and democracy. London: Routledge.
SembraMedia. (2017). Inflection point. Impact, threats, and sustainability. Retrieved from http://data.sembramedia.org/
Shane, S. & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), 217-226. Retrieved from https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611
Shaver, D. (2010). Online non-profits provide model for added local news. Newspaper Research Journal, 31(4), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/073953291003100403
Shtern, J., Paré, D. J., Ross, P., & Dick, M. (2013). Historiographic innovation. How the past explains the future of social media services. In T. Storsul and A. Krumsvik (Eds.), Media innovations: A multidisciplinary study of change (pp. 239-254). Göteborg: Nordicom.
Steensen, S. (2009). What’s stopping them? Towards a grounded theory of innovation in online journalism. Journalism Studies, 10(6), 821-836. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700902975087
Storsul, T. & Krumsvik, A. H. (2013). What is media innovation? In S. Storsul & A. H. Krumsvik (Eds.), Media innovation. A multidisciplinary study of change (pp. 13-26). Göteborg: Nordicom.
Westlund O. & Lewis S. (2014). Agents of media innovations: Actors, actants, and audiences. Journal of Media Innovations, 1(2), 10–35. Retrieved from http://www.journals.uio.no/index.php/TJMI/article/view/856
Zhou, S. & Sloan, W. D. (2015). Research methods in communication, 3rd Ed. Northport, AL: Vision Press.
Chase, L. & Alvarez, J. (2000). Internet research: The role of the focus group. Library & Information Science Research, 22(4), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0740-8188(00)00050-5
Christensen, C. M. (2003). The innovator’s dilemma: The revolutionary book that will change the way you do business. New York: Harper Collins.
Deuze, M. (2009). Media industries, work and life. European Journal of Communication, 24(4), 467-480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323109345523
Deuze, M. (2017). Considering a possible future for digital journalism. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, 8(1), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.14198/MEDCOM2017.8.1.1
Díaz-Noci, J. (2009). 2018: ¿Diarios en dispositivos móviles? Libro electrónico, tinta electrónica y convergencia de la prensa impresa y digital [2018: Newspapers for mobile devices? E-book, E-ink and convergence of online and printed press]. El Profesional De La Información, 18(3), 301-307. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2009.may.07
Downie, L. & Schudson, M. (2009). The reconstruction of American Journalism. New York: Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
Drucker, P. (1985). Innovation and entrepreneurship. New York: Harper & Row.
Evans, S. K. (2018). Making sense of innovation. Journalism Studies, 19(1), 4-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1154446
Francis, D. & Bessant, J. (2005). Targeting innovation and implications for capability development. Technovation, 25(3), 171-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.03.004
García-Avilés, J. (2009). La comunicación ante la convergencia digital: algunas fortalezas y debilidades [Communications vis-à-vis Digital Convergence: Strengths and Weaknesses]. Signo y pensamiento, 28(54), 102-113. Retrieved from http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/signoypensamiento/article/view/4529
García-Avilés, J. A., Carvajal-Prieto, M., De Lara-González, A., & Arias-Robles, F. (2016). Developing an index of media innovation in a national market: The case of Spain. Journalism Studies, 19(1), 25-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1161496
Gorriti, G. (2013). Researchers Colloquium. IDL-Reporteros. Retrieved from http://idl-reporteros.pe/2013/05/30/columna-de-reporteros-131/
Gynnild A. (2014). Journalism innovation leads to innovation journalism: The impact of computational exploration on changing mindsets. Journalism, 15(6), 713– 730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913486393
Hang, M. & Van Weezel, A. (2007). Media and entrepreneurship: A survey of the literature relating both concepts. Journal of Media Business Studies, 4(1), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2007.11073446
Harlow, S. & Salaverría, R. (2016). Regenerating journalism: Exploring the ‘alternativeness’ and ‘digital-ness’ of online-native media in Latin America. Digital Journalism, 4(8), 1001-1019. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2015.1135752
Jenkins, H. (2008). Convergence culture. Where old and new media collide. New York: NYU Press.
Kline, S. & Rosenberg, N. (1986). An overview of innovation. In R. Landau & N. Rosenberg (Eds.), The positive sum strategy, harnessing technology for economic growth (pp. 275-305). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Küng, L. (2015). Innovators in digital news. Oxford: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd.
Lunt, P. & Livingstone, S. (1996). Rethinking the focus group in media and communications research. Journal of Communication, 46(2), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01475.x
Lindlof, T. R. & Taylor, B. C. (2002). Qualitative communication research methods. California: Sage.
March, J. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 71-87. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
Meléndez Yúdico, J. (2016). Primer Estudio de Medios Digitales y Periodismo en América Latina: Iniciativas, Modelos de Negocio y Buenas Prácticas [First Study of Digital Media and Journalism in Latin America: Initiatives, Business Models and Best Practices]. Mexico: Factual. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B56C_0nwzk1HSHpsMUZpb0tQamM/view
Mitchelstein, E. & Boczkowski, P. (2009). Between tradition and change: A review of recent research on online news production. Journalism, 10(5), 562-586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909106533
Nee, R. C. (2013). Creative destruction: An exploratory study of how digitally native news nonprofits are innovating online journalism practices. The International Journal on Media Management, 15(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/14241277.2012.732153
O’Reilly III, C. & Tushman, M. (2004). The ambidextrous organization. Harvard Business Review, 82(4), 74. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2004/04/the-ambidextrous-organization
O’Reilly III, C. & Tushman, M. (2013). Organizational ambidexterity: Past, present and future. The academy of management perspectives, 27(4), 324-338. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2013.0025
Palacios, M. & Díaz-Noci, J. (2009). Ciberperiodismo: métodos de investigación. Una aproximación multidisciplinar en perspectiva comparada [Cyberjournalism: research methods. A multidisciplinary approach: a comparative perspective]. Bilbao: Universidad del País Vasco.
Pavlik, J. (2013). Innovation and the future of journalism. Digital Journalism, 1(2), 181–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.756666
Picard, R. (2014). Twilight or new dawn of journalism? Evidence from the changing news ecosystem. Digital Journalism, 2(3), 273-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.895531
Porcu, O. (2017). Exploring innovative learning culture in the newsroom. Journalism, 1464884917724596. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917724596
Powers, E. & Yaros, R. (2012). Cultivating support for nonprofit news organizations: commitment, trust and donating audiences. Journal of Communication Management, 17(2), 157-170. https://doi.org/10.1108/13632541311318756
Requejo-Alemán, J. L. & Lugo-Ocando, J. (2014). Assessing the sustainability of Latin American investigative non-profit journalism. Journalism Studies, 15(5), 522–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.885269
Robinson, J. J., Grennan, K., & Schiffrin, A. (2015). Publishing for peanuts. Innovation and the Journalism startup. Report commissioned by the Open Society Foundation’s Program for Independent Journalism. International Media, Advocacy, and Communications. Retrieved from http://www.cima.ned.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/PublishingforPeanuts.pdf
Rogers, E. (1995). Diffusion of innovations, 4th Ed. New York: The Free Press.
Schmitz Weiss, A. & Higgins Joyce, V. D. M. (2009). Compressed dimensions in digital media occupations: Journalists in transformation. Journalism, 10(5), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884909106534
Schumpeter, J. (1983). The theory of economic development: An inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.
Schumpeter, J. (1943). Capitalism, socialism and democracy. London: Routledge.
SembraMedia. (2017). Inflection point. Impact, threats, and sustainability. Retrieved from http://data.sembramedia.org/
Shane, S. & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), 217-226. Retrieved from https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/amr.2000.2791611
Shaver, D. (2010). Online non-profits provide model for added local news. Newspaper Research Journal, 31(4), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/073953291003100403
Shtern, J., Paré, D. J., Ross, P., & Dick, M. (2013). Historiographic innovation. How the past explains the future of social media services. In T. Storsul and A. Krumsvik (Eds.), Media innovations: A multidisciplinary study of change (pp. 239-254). Göteborg: Nordicom.
Steensen, S. (2009). What’s stopping them? Towards a grounded theory of innovation in online journalism. Journalism Studies, 10(6), 821-836. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700902975087
Storsul, T. & Krumsvik, A. H. (2013). What is media innovation? In S. Storsul & A. H. Krumsvik (Eds.), Media innovation. A multidisciplinary study of change (pp. 13-26). Göteborg: Nordicom.
Westlund O. & Lewis S. (2014). Agents of media innovations: Actors, actants, and audiences. Journal of Media Innovations, 1(2), 10–35. Retrieved from http://www.journals.uio.no/index.php/TJMI/article/view/856
Zhou, S. & Sloan, W. D. (2015). Research methods in communication, 3rd Ed. Northport, AL: Vision Press.
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2018-06-30
Cómo citar
Schmitz Weiss, A., de Macedo Higgins Joyce, V., Harlow, S., & Calmon Alves, . R. (2018). Innovación y sostenibilidad: una relación examinada en organizaciones periodísticas emprendedoras de América Latina. Cuadernos.Info, (42), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.42.1266
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