La importancia del espacio para minimizar el error de muestras representativas

Autores/as

  • Ricardo Truffello Robledo Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales
  • Monica Flores Castillo Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Subdirectora Observatorio de Ciudades UC
  • Matías Garreton Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez (Chile). Profesor Asistente, Design Lab
  • Gonzalo Ruz Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez (Chile).Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile

Palabras clave:

regionalización, estratificación espacial, muestreo espacializado

Resumen

En el presente trabajo se discute la importancia del espacio geográfico en el contexto de la generación de marcos muestrales de encuestas, poniendo en tensión la premisa estadística tradicional de la aleatoriedad e independencia de las observaciones. Para esto se analiza el aporte de la geografía cuantitativa en la generación de metodologías de regionalización que permitan de manera efectiva mejorar el error muestral de las encuestas, enfocados principalmente en las áreas urbanas, en presencia de variables de estratificación con autocorrelación espacial.

Finalmente se testea de forma empírica algoritmos de regionalización, utilizando datos censales, de manera de verificar si el nivel de error de las metodologías de muestreo espacializado son competitivas contra muestreos tradicionales de corte aleatorio y aleatorio bi-etápico, situación que es comprobada alcanzando rendimientos de hasta un 20% en la disminución de error contra metodologías tradicionales o en su defecto la disminución de hasta 100 casos con el mismo nivel de error.

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Biografía del autor/a

Ricardo Truffello Robledo, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales

Prodesor asistente adjunto, Instituto de Estudios urbanos y Territoriales, Director Observatorio de Ciudades UC, investigador de CEDEUS

Monica Flores Castillo, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Subdirectora Observatorio de Ciudades UC

Subdirectora Observatorio de Ciudades UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Matías Garreton, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez (Chile). Profesor Asistente, Design Lab

Profesor Asistente, Design Lab , Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Jefe de Investigación Design Lab, UAI.

Gonzalo Ruz, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez (Chile).Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile

Profesor Titular, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, ChileCenter of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile

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Publicado

2022-06-23

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Truffello Robledo, R., Flores Castillo, M., Garreton, M., & Ruz, G. (2022). La importancia del espacio para minimizar el error de muestras representativas. Revista De Geografía Norte Grande, (81), 137–160. Recuperado a partir de https://ojs.uc.cl/index.php/RGNG/article/view/18249

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